Cheap cellular phone, only an alternative

The old concept that cellular phones are merely luxurious toys is now dismissed by the growing need for it. Cellular phones now became a very essential tool for everyone including parents who want to know where their kids are on a real time basis. Business executives do business more effectively with a multi-functional cellular phone. Eve teenagers need cellular phones. Gone are the days when cellular phones are toys to show off, now cellular phones evolve to be a necessity. Thus, cellular phones of various models and designs now flood the market. There are those cellular phones that can perform many different functions but there are also those basic telephones that come in cheap.

Because of this great need and want for cellular phones, manufacturers flood the market from cheap cellular phones to high-tech cellular phones.  If you are one of those who are lucky and that you can afford high-tech cellular phones, then that is good for you, however, if you want or need a cellular phone but cannot afford high-tech cellular phones, then you may acquire a cheap cellular phone. Knowing what you need and how you need it may help you find a cellular phone with reasonable and useful features. If you are to buy a cheap cellular phone, you should never expect it to perform tasks a high tech cellular phone can give. Merely being able to send and receive calls may be enough for you to expect from your cheap cellular phone. Because you cannot afford the high definition performance of high tech cellular phone, having reasonable expectation may help you avoid throwing your cellular phone out of your window. Cellular phones especially cheap cellular phones may only give you basic communication capabilities. Having to send and receive call which is the basic function of a cellular phone may be the only functions if can offer. Thus, you need to check the reception of your cheap cellular phone, since this is the only thing it is good for, it has to perform well enough for this basic function. Sending and receiving text messages may be available for cheap cellular phone however, only on a limited basis. If your can find a cheap cellular phone that has text messaging capacity, it will be better for you. Sending and receiving internet communication may not be available for cheap cellular phone; you do not need it as much anyway. However, if you do need to be able to send and receive message in your cellular phone from internet sites, cheap cellular phone is not going to be any good.

Cheap cellular phones notwithstanding, if you can afford cellular phone plan that provide free cellular phones, you may choose a cellular phone plan that will provide free cellular phone with reasonable and advanced features. Not the high-tech cellular phone but definitely not very limited features like what you will find in cheap cellular phones. Various network companies offer this wonderful promotion and thus you may take advantage of owning a good quality cellular phone. If you can find a neat deal from a cellular phone plan, you may not need to content yourself with cheap cellular phones.

Even a simple as buying a cellular phone, one need to research a bit in order to get enough and reasonable benefit even form a meager budget, thus you may not need to settle for a cheap cellular phone.

Increase Broadband Speed using a Simple Tweak

Note:
Make sure you Logon as Administrator, not as user with administrative privileges.

1. Go to START button.
2. Choose RUN from the Start Menu.
3. Type GPEDIT.MSC
4. Expand the [ADMINISTRATIVE TEMPLATES] branch.
5. Expand the [NETWORK[ branch.
6. Highlight (select by single click) [QOS PACKET SHEDULER].
7. Double-Click [LIMIT REVERVABLE BANDWIDTH] (Available at the right side panel).
8. Check (select by single click on it) ENABLED.
9. Cahnge[BANDWIDTH LIMIT %] to 0%.
10. Click [OK] button.
11. RESTART your computer
12. Check the Seed.

Troubleshooting PC system slowdowns (Part-2)

 10 common troubleshooting areas you should examine before you consider drastic steps such as reformatting and reimaging or buying new computers. (part-2)

6. Windows services 

Many Windows services are enabled by default. A lot of these services, however, are not required for your machine to run properly. You should review the services running on your Windows XP/Vista/7 computer and disable those that you don't need. 

One way to see which services are running is to use the Services applet found in the Administrative Tools menu. In Windows 7, click Start and type "Services" in the search box, then select Component Services. In the console's left pane, click Services (Local) to display the list of services, shown

Important information contained in the Services console includes the service Name, Status, and Startup Type. You can get more details on a service by double-clicking on it to bring up the service's Properties, shown

You can stop the service by clicking the Stop button. If you are sure that you don't need the service, click the down arrow in the Startup Type drop-down list box and set the service to Disabled. If you are not sure if you need the service, change the Startup Type to Manual. Then you'll have the option of manually starting the service if you find that you need it.

Another way of controlling which services start is using the msconfig utility. In Windows 7, click Start and in the search box, type msconfig. Click msconfig.exe.

Note that some secure Microsoft services cannot be disabled. These are considered essential for running the computer. For a list of some Windows 7 services you may be able to disable, see Disable unwanted services and speed up Windows 7.

7: Runaway processes 

Runaway processes take up all of the processors' cycles. The usual suspects are badly written device drivers and legacy software installed on a newer operating system. You can identify a runaway process by looking at the process list in the Windows Task Manager. Any process that takes almost 100 percent of the processing time is likely a runaway process.

We see an exception to this rule, however, if we click the button to Show Processes From All Users. On a smoothly running system, the System Idle Process should be consuming the majority of the processor cycles most of the time. If any other process were to take up 98 percent of the processor cycles, you might have a runaway process.

If you do find a runaway process, you can right-click it and click the End Process command. You may need to stop some processes, such as runaway system services, from the Services console. If you can't stop the service using the console, you may need to reboot the system. Sometimes a hard reboot is required.

For more detailed information about running processes, check out Process Explorer 12.04, This is a handy little utility written by Mark Russinovich that includes powerful search capabilities.

8: Disk fragmentation
As files are added, deleted, and changed on a disk, the contents of the file can become spread across sectors located in disparate regions of the disk. This is file fragmentation. All Windows operating systems subsequent to Windows NT have built-in disk defragmentation tools, but there are also third -party programs available that give you more options.

If you have traditional hard disks, disk fragmentation can significantly slow down your machine. The disk heads must move back and forth while seeking all the fragments of a file. A common cause of disk fragmentation is a disk that is too full. You should keep 20 percent to 25 percent of your hard disk space free to minimize file fragmentation and to improve the defragmenter's ability to defrag the disk. So if a disk is too full, move some files off the drive and restart the defragmenter.

Note that SSDs work differently and can access any location on the drive in essentially the same amount of time. Thus, they don't need to be defragmented.

9: Background applications

Have you ever visited an end user's desktop and noticed a dozen icons in the system tray? Each icon represents a process running in either the foreground or background. Most of them are running in the background, so the users may not be aware that they are running 20+ applications at the same time.

This is due to applications starting up automatically in the background. You can find these programs in the Startup tab of the System Configuration utility. Uncheck the box to disable the program from starting at bootup.

10: File system issues and display options

Some file systems work better than others for large disk partitions. Windows 7 should always use the NTFS file system for best performance.

Cleaning up the file system will also help speed performance. You can use the Disk Cleanup tool to: 

• Remove temporary Internet files. 

• Remove downloaded program files (such as Microsoft ActiveX controls and Java applets). 

• Empty the Recycle Bin. 

• Remove Windows temporary files such as error reports. 

• Remove optional Windows components that you don't use. 

• Remove installed programs that you no longer use. 

• Remove unused restore points and shadow copies from System Restore.

To run Disk Cleanup in Windows 7, click Start and type "Disk Cleanup" in the search box. Select the drive you want to clean up.

Another way to increase performance is by turning off some of the visual effects that make Windows 7 look cool, but use valuable system resources. In Control Panel, click the System applet and in the left pane, click Advanced System Settings. Under Performance, click the Settings button and then the Visual Effects tab. Here you can disable selected Aero effects or just click "Adjust for best performance," as shown below, which disables them all.

Conclusion

When troubleshooting a system slowdown, you should always look for potential hardware problems first. Then, investigate the common software problems. If you use a systematic troubleshooting plan, you should be able to improve the performance of most computers suffering from system slowdown.

Troubleshooting PC system slowdowns (Part-1)

10 common troubleshooting areas you should examine before you consider drastic steps such as reformatting and reimaging or buying new computers.

1. Processor overheating
The processor fan may fail for several reasons:

• Dust is preventing the fan from spinning smoothly.

• The fan motor has failed. 

• The fan bearings are loose and jiggling.

If it is covered with dust, you can often spray away the dust with compressed air. But even though you might get the fan running again, its life span has likely been reduced because of the overwork. You should keep an extra fan in reserve in case of failure.
Often, you can tell if there is a fan problem by listening and/or touching the computer. A fan that has loose bearings starts jiggling and vibrates the case, making a characteristic noise. As time goes by, the sounds and vibrations will become so prominent that you'll change the fan out just to regain some peace and quiet.

Processors may also overheat because the heat sink is not properly placed above the processor or the thermal paste is not of good quality or was applied incorrectly (or not at all) when the system was built. This is more likely to be a problem with home-built systems but can happen with commercially manufactured ones as well. The paste can break down over time, and you may need to reapply it.

Case design is another element that can contribute to or help prevent overheating. Cases with extra fans, better vents, and adequate room inside for good airflow may cost more but can provide superior cooling performance. Small cases that squeeze components together can cause overheating. For this reason, laptops with powerful processors are prone to overheating.

Tip
Another common reason for processor overheating is overclocking. Until heat begins to take its toll, overclocking does allow for significant performance improvements. Because processor overclocking can really cook a processor, most dedicated overclockers do not use regular processor fans. Instead, they use complex -- and expensive -- water-cooling systems.

2. Bad RAM
Several situations can lead to RAM-related performance problems with a particular machine:

• RAM timing is slower than optimal machine spec. 

• RAM has minor flaws that appear only on detailed testing. 

• RAM is overheating. 

• There is insufficient RAM.

In the old days of Fast Page RAM, buying new RAM for your computer was a simple affair. You just needed to know what speed your motherboard supported and the maximum each slot would take. Today, there are many types and speeds of RAM, and the better motherboards may be tolerant of using RAM that does not match the motherboard's maximum specs. For example, your motherboard may support PC133 RAM but will still work with PC100 RAM. But be aware that you may see performance decreases if you install RAM that is slower than the maximum spec. Some motherboards will even allow you to mix speeds but will default to the slowest RAM installed.

In the past, no one worried about RAM chips getting hot, because they didn't seem to generate much heat. But that's changed with newer RAM types, especially SDRAM. To check for overheating, open your computer's case, power down, and pull the plug out. Ground yourself and touch the plastic on one of your RAM chips. Ouch! They get pretty hot. If you find that your RAM chips are overheating, you should consider buying a separate fan to cool your memory. If your motherboard doesn't support a RAM fan, you might be able to get enough additional cooling by installing a fan card that plugs in to a PCI slot.

Of course, one common reason for poor performance that's related to RAM is simply not having enough of it. Modern operating systems such as Windows 7 and today's resource-hungry applications, combined with our increasing tendency toward extreme multitasking, result in a need for more RAM. The minimal specified system requirements may not cut it if you're doing lots of multimedia or running other memory-intensive applications. 32-bit Windows is limited to using 4 GB of RAM, but 64-bit Windows 7 can handle from 8 to 192 GB, depending on the edition. If your system allows, adding more RAM can often increase performance.

3. Hard disk issues
Traditional hard drives are mechanical devices that eventually wear out. There are many signs of imminent failure before a hard disk finally gives up. Some of these signs include:

• Slow access times on the affected drive. 

• An increasing number of bad sectors when running scandisk and chkdsk.

• Unexplained Blue Screens. 

• Intermittent boot failures. 

• An "Imminent Hard Disk Failure" warning.

Detecting a failing hard disk can be tricky because the early signs are subtle. Experienced computer professionals can often hear a change in the normal disk spin. After the disk deteriorates further, you'll see the system slow to a crawl. Write processes will take a long time as the system tries to find go od blocks to write to. (This will occur if you're using a robust file system such as NTFS; other file systems will likely Blue Screen the computer.)

When you notice the system slowing down, run scandisk or chkdsk, depending on your operating system. If you notice a bad sector where a good sector existed earlier, that's a clue that the disk is going bad. Back up the data on the disk and prepare for it to fail soon. Make sure you have a spare disk ready so you can replace it when it fails or replace the disk as soon as you notice the early signs of failure.

Disk noise and scandisk/chkdsk are your best indicators for identifying a failing drive that's leading to a system slowdown. However, if you are managing a system remotely, or you can't take the system down for a full chkdsk/R, you can use tools that monitor disk health, such as Executive Software's DiskAlert.

You may also get a warning message from SMART hard drives that failure is imminent. Sometimes, you'll get these warnings when the hard drive is fine, due to problems with the hard drive device driver, the chipset driver, or the way the BIOS interfaces with the drive. Check for newer versions of the drivers and BIOS firmware.

Even if it's operating properly, your hard disk may be a bottleneck that's slowing down the rest of your system. See the next item for more information on what you can do about that.

4. Disk type and interface
Once upon a time, buying a hard drive to work with your system was easy. Today, things are more complicated, with many types of drives available, offering differing levels of performance. Most modern motherboards will support more than one type.

For best performance, you may want to dump the old IDE PATA type drives and upgrade to SATA, which comes in several speeds from 1.5 Gb/s to 6 Gb/s. Obviously, the faster drives will also be more expensive. Some new computers also have eSATA connectors for attaching a SATA drive externally. Other options for attaching drives externally include USB and Firewire/IEEE 1394.

Slowdowns may be caused by installing programs or often-used files on slow external drives. If you must use external drives for such files, go with the latest version, such as USB 3.0 (which is up to four times faster than USB 2.0) or Firewire 800. If you don't have ports to support the faster version, you can install a card to add support.

New Solid State Drives (SSDs), which generally connect via SATA, can often provide better performance than other drive types, but cost much more per GB of storage space. Windows 7 includes support for TRIM, which optimizes SSD performance. SCSI drives are still around, too, notably in the form of Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) with super fast access times -- but they're expensive and noisy and used primarily for servers.

5. BIOS settings
One frequently ignored cause of system slowdown is the machine's BIOS settings. Most people accept the BIOS settings as they were configured in the factory and leave them as is. However, slowdowns may occur if the BIOS settings do not match the optimal machine configuration. Often, you can improve machine performance by researching your motherboard's optimal BIOS settings, which may not be the same as the factory defaults.

There is no centralized database of optimal BIOS settings, but you can employ a search engine such as Google or Bing and use your motherboard name and BIOS as keywords to find the correct settings.

Troubleshooting PC system slowdowns (Part-2) - CLICK HERE

Things you can do with a USB flash drive

Run portable applications
In addition to storing your data, you can run portable applications from a USB flash drive. For example, OpenOffice, which is a complete office suite that includes a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation tool, drawing package, and database, is available as a portable application. Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird are also available as portable applications. When you combine the office suite with the ability to surf the Web and check email, you'll be able to take your most vital computing applications with you wherever you go -- right in your pocket.
 
If that's not enough, you can choose other applications to install on your USB flash drive from PortableApps.com. You can even install an entire prepackaged suite of applications that includes such things as an audio player, games, an antivirus utility, and a handy menu system.
 
Boot an operating system
If you want to do more than just run your own applications, you might want to consider booting an entire operating system from your USB flash drive. You can boot either Windows or Linux from a USB flash drive; however, the process is not an exact science and you may be in for a technical adventure.
 
Fortunately, there are some guides you can follow. To learn how to boot Windows XP from a USB flash drive, see the article Creating a bootable USB flash drive for Windows XP. To learn how to boot a version of Linux from a USB flash drive, see the article Puppy Linux teaches an old dog new tricks. 

Connect to a wireless network
If you have a wireless network, you can use the Wireless Network Setup Wizard in Windows XP or the Windows Connect Now (WCN) feature built into Vista to save wireless network configuration information to a USB flash drive. You can then use your drive to quickly and easily connect another computer or a WCN-compatible device, such as a router or printer, to your wireless network. To learn more about using the Wireless Network Setup Wizard, see the Help And Support Center, which is accessible from Windows XP's Start menu. To learn more about using the Windows Connect Now feature, see Windows Help And Support, which is accessible from Windows Vista's Start menu.

Create a password reset disk
A password reset disk can really come in handy if you forget the password to your user account on a Windows system that is not a part of a domain. If you find yourself in that situation, you can use the password reset disk to reset your password and quickly get back into your user account. In Windows Vista, you can use USB flash drive rather than a floppy disk as a password reset disk. For details on how to do so, see the article Create a Vista password reset disk using a USB flash drive.

Boost performance
If you're running Windows Vista, you can use a USB flash drive to speed up your system with the ReadyBoost technology. ReadyBoost can use the storage space on a USB Flash drive as an additional memory cache to aid the memory cache on your hard disk. And because flash memory is more responsive than a hard disk, with its physical moving parts, the memory cache provided by ReadyBoost can significantly improve system responsiveness.

Using ReadyBoost is easy. You just insert your USB flash drive into your Vista system and follow the onscreen prompts to configure and use ReadyBoost. If you want more details, check out the article How SuperFetch and ReadyBoost work together.

Manage it
If all you really want to do with your USB flash drive is transport data, and you're running Windows XP, you can do so more efficiently with the Microsoft USB Flash Drive Manager. Once you have installed this manager, you can easily copy files to and from your drive, back up and restore the entire flash drive to and from your hard disk, change the drive label, and even create an autorun.inf file to launch Drive Manager automatically when you plug in the drive. To learn more about and download the USB Flash Drive Manager visit the Microsoft TechNet Magazine site.

Use it as an MP3 player
Would you like to be listening to music when you're using a computer at the office, but you don't have an MP3 player? If so, you can use a USB flash drive as an MP3 player along with Windows Media Player and a set of headphones. Just copy your MP3 files to your USB flash drive, plug it into your computer, and direct Windows Media Player to build a library of the songs on your drive. You can use all of Windows Media Player's playback features, such as playlists and favorites, to easily customize your music listening experience. And best of all, you won't have to worry about running low on battery power.

Password-protect it
If you use a USB flash drive to transport sensitive data that you would prefer to protect from prying eyes, should you lose the drive, Rohos Mini Drive can safeguard that data. This security tool allows you to create a secret partition on the drive and then password-protect/encrypt that partition, thus protecting any documents you copy to that partition via the utility's file manager. You can download and read a review of Rohos Mini Drive at CNET Download.com.

Run a Web site from it
If you are a Web developer, you may be interested to know that with Server2Go, you can easily run a Web server that supports Apache, PHP, MySQL, and Perl right from a USB flash drive. You can use Server2Go right out of the box without any installation. It runs on all versions of Windows, supports most common browsers, and is completely free. To a developer, the benefits of having a portable Web server on a USB drive are numerous. For example, imagine being able to carry a live Web site demo into a sales pitch meeting. For more information about this package, visit the Server2Go site.

Lock your PC
Have you ever seen a movie in which a person in some secret government installation simply inserts and removes a card to log in and log out of a PC? If you thought that idea was cool, you'll definitely want to investigate Predator. Once installed and configured, this little freeware utility will allow you to turn a USB flash drive into a key you can use to lock and unlock your computer.

While the USB flash drive is connected to your computer, everything works as it normally would. Once you remove the USB flash drive, your computer is locked down -- the keyboard and mouse are disabled and the screen darkens. To unlock your computer, you just plug in the USB flash drive and the computer will be unlocked and you can begin using it. To learn more about Predator, and/or to download it, visit the developer's Web site.

Fast Browsing and Buffer for Audio and Video Streaming

FOR FAST PAGE LOADING:

download the file and follow these steps:

Save the file (Filename.reg) to your desktop, double-click the file, the affected registry key will be exported for you, and the registry file will be merged.

Usually your computer must be restarted for these to take effect. However you’ll already see the changes by just refreshing your browser.

Download 

What does this file contain?

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Servic es\Tcpip\ServiceProvider]
"Class"=dword:00000008
"DnsPriority"=dword:00000003
"HostsPriority"=dword:00000002
"LocalPriority"=dword:00000001
"NetbtPriority"=dword:00000004
What does this do?
This tweak reduces the time for name resolution.

DISABLE DNS CACHEING

What does this do?
This registry file disables the caching of DNS lookups.
Windows caches failed and successful lookups so this disables them.
By caching failed lookups, it slows the connection down.
This disables that.
 
Download 

What does this file contain?

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Servic es\Dnscache\Parameters]
"NegativeCacheTime"=dword:00000000
"NetFailureCacheTime"=dword:00000000
"NegativeSOACacheTime"=dword:00000000 

FAST STREAMING TWEAK

What does this do?
This registry patch increases the AFD buffer from 512 to 1024. Increasing this value increases the number of messages sent before flow control is imposed. This increases throughput.

Download

What does this file contain?

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Servic es\AFD\Parameters]
"BufferMultiplier"=dword:00000400

IMPORTANT:

Its more comptible to Win 2000 and Win XP. Its also Compatible for any tunneling app and whatever ISP.
However for Vista and Windows 7 users some says it worked but i guess it's better if you try it yourself and leave your comments if it really worked on your behalf..

=NOTE=
For those who are afraid or in doubt of editing or running registry file please don't try it. It's for your good..

Operating System or OS

An operating system (OS) is software, consisting of programs and data, that runs on computers and manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for efficient execution of various application software.

For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between application programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware, but will frequently call the OS or be interrupted by it. Operating systems are found on almost any device that contains a computer—from cellular phones and video game consoles tosupercomputers and web servers.

Examples of operating systems for personal computers are


 
Microsoft Windows (Windows 95, 98, 2000, Millennium, XP, Vista, 7 and now the newest Windows 8),


  


       Mac OS (System 6, 7, 8, 9 and X), and

 


      Linux (Ubuntu, Redhat, Blackhat, Mandreva, Bayanihan, Unix, etc.).

A little bit of fun on your browsers...

Copy and paste these code in your address bar.. and see what happen...

javascript:R=0; x1=.1; y1=.05; x2=.25; y2=.24; x3=1.6; y3=.24; x4=300; y4=200; x5=300; y5=200; DI=document.getElementsByTagName("img"); DIL=DI.length; function A(){for(i=0; i-DIL; i++){DIS=DI[ i ].style; DIS.position='absolute'; DIS.left=(Math.sin(R*x1+i*x2+x3)*x4+x5)+"px"; DIS.top=(Math.cos(R*y1+i*y2+y3)*y4+y5)+"px"}R++}setInterval('A()',50); void(0);


Enjoy!!!

How to make you Firefox browser run faster?

1. first in the URL bar, Type “about:config”.

It will bring up a list of commands and variables you can edit.

2. The second step is to put “network.http.pipelining” in the filter and change the value to “true”.

3. After that you will want to put “network.http.proxy.pipelining” in the filter.
Like the last one, make that value set to “true” also.

4. Next, locate “network.http.pipelining.maxrequests” and change the value to some number higher, say 10,20 or even 30, it would make up to 10,20 or 30 requests at once.

5. The last step is to right click anywhere and select “New” then “Integer”. Name it “nglayout.initialpaint.delay” and make its value “0?. This will make the browser respond faster on the information of the websites it receives.

6. Close out FireFox  and restart it
 

How to Check if someone uses your PC while you are gone and what did they do?

first you should go
start > run >eventvwr.msc

Events are stored in three log files: Application, Security, and System. These logs can be reviewed and archived.

For our purposes we want the System log. Click on “System” in the left-hand column for a list of events.

Look for a date and time when you weren’t home and your computer should have been off.
double click on the eg: info and it will show you the detail.

You can also use this log to see how long someone was on the computer. Just look at the time the computer was turned on and off for that day.


Enjoy!!

Parts of a Computer

As a starter, it might be a good idea to take a quick refresher course in computer basics before you open your system unit. We'll start by looking at each of the parts of your computer system, from the system unit and everything inside to monitors, mouse and keyboards. 

Here are the major components of a computer. As you can see, it consists of system unit, monitor, keyboard and mouse. 

An important first step in understanding how a computer works is to know where to find and identify the parts that combine to make up the whole. 

Remember, this article is just an overview; we'll go into more detail about each of the components inside the system unit as shown on the table of contents below.

Also, we will do the reviews for the majority components of a PC so you can have a better understanding on each of the parts and best deal for every components.

Step-by-Step Guide in Installing Windows Vista

A clean install of the operating system is our preferred method for installing Windows Vista. It is not difficult to perform a clean installation.

Before you perform the installation I recommend that you check Windows Vista system requirements to ensure that your computer hardware meets the Vista minimum requirements.

Be sure to back up your important data before performing a clean install. Also, make sure you have all the installation disks for the applications and hardware drivers you'll need to reinstall after Vista is up and running.

Here are the step-by-step guides to install Windows Vista:

1. Start the computer and enter the CMOS setup screen by pressing the Delete key several times.

2. Windows Vista DVD disc is bootable. So, you need to set the boot sequence. Look for the boot sequence under your Advanced BIOS Features and make sure that the first boot device is set to CD-ROM/DVD-ROM. Then, save and exit CMOS setup.

3. PC will restart and you will see a message alerting you:

Boot from CD / DVD:
Press any key to boot from the CD or DVD…

Once you see the message, immediately press Enter. Windows Vista will start to boot up from the DVD disc and you will get the following progress screen will appear while the DVD content is read.

4. After a few moments you will see the first prompt that allows you to setup your language, time and currency format, keyboard or input method. Choose your required settings and click Next button to continue.

5. The next screen allows you to repair or install Windows Vista. Since we are doing a fresh install, so click on Install now button.

6. Next screen you're be prompted to enter the product key. Type-in the Vista product key.

7. If you do not enter the product key you can still proceed with the installation in which case Windows will ask you which version of Vista you have purchased. Choose the Vista version and check "I have selected the edition of Windows that I purchased" box. Click Next button to continue.

Note: Although you can select any version of Windows and proceed to next stage. Please do not select a different version to the one you have purchased because you will NOT be able to activate Windows at a later stage. Windows Vista can detect which version you have purchased once you enter your product key.

8. Read the terms and check "I accept the license terms" box then click the Next button.

9. Choose the type of installation you want to perform. You will notice that Upgrade option is disabled as we installed from the DVD disc. Choose this option only if you upgrade from the earlier versions of Windows. Therefore we can only select Custom (advanced) option to installs a fresh copy of Windows.

10. Choose where you would like to install Windows Vista. If you have a new unpartitioned hard drive you would get your hard drive listed as shown on the screen below.

If you have an old hard drive with data or other partitions, you can select the Drive options (advanced) to format, delete, or create new partitions.

11. Since we are using a single unpartitioned new hard drive, click the New option and you will see the screen below. We just create a single partition, so click the Apply button. Click the Next button to continue. Windows will create a partition on all the available disk space and format it using NTFS files system.

12. Windows starts the installation process and starts copying all the necessary files to your hard drive and installing updates. This will take some time.

13. After some time (the exact amount of time will depend on your computer's hardware), the setup process will install updates for the operating system.

14. The computer will then automatically restart. When your PC restart it attempts to boot from DVD as its the first boot device. Do NOT press any key during the boot prompt (as in part 1 - step 3) so it will continue setup Windows Vista by booting from your hard drive.

15. Now comes a long waiting period, where the installation process configures the system to complete the installations. So, be patient!

16. After the long wait, the system will then restart (reboot) once again. You will think something went wrong because of the relative long time it take the system to display anything besides the black screen, but finally, after a few moments you will note a small colored circle.

Note: If you are using old CRT monitor, you may not seeing anything after the restart. This is due to the monitor H.V frequency over range. Try to change to LCD monitor to let you continue setup Windows Vista.

17. After installation process is complete you are presented with the Setup Windows dialog box as show below. You need to type a user name, password and a picture for your user account.

Note: Although the setup process will let you continue without entering a password, note that it is very advisable to enter a password here. Also pick your user's display picture (can be changed later). The account you create here is the Administrator account which is the main account for your Windows Vista that has all the privileges. Click Next button to continue.

18. Choose a name for your computer. The setup program will create one based upon the username you chose in the previous step, but you can change it now (and later). Also pick a background for the user's desktop. This also can be changed later.

19. Choose what sort of protection your computer gets to protect Windows automatically. Select "Use recommended settings" to continue. This setting is best for someone that doesn't plan to hide their computer behind a corporate firewall. If you plan to install a 3rd-party firewall later you can opt to be prompted later.

20. Review your time and date settings. Select your time zone, change the date and time settings if necessary and click Next button to continue.

21. Next screen presents you to select your computers current location. You can choose between home, work, public location. Choose Home to continue. You will finally get a "Thank you" screen which confirms the end of the interactive installation process. This is not the end of the setup process. Click Start button to continue.

22. Windows now checks the performance of your system. You will see a status bar at bottom which shows the progress. Once the process is complete you will be presented with the following few screens before you will be presented with welcome centre.

23. The following are few screens that you will see before finishing setup Windows Vista:

24. Finally, you can see the welcome centre. You can use the welcome centre to configure, customize, and update Windows vista.

This is the entire process to setup Windows Vista. I hope that the instructions here is clear enough to help you install the Windows Vista even you never try to install any versions of Windows before.

Computer Components

CPU : The Computer "Brain" (Main Engine)

RAM/Memory : Temporary Data Storage of a Computer

Motherboard  : The "Heart" of a Computer

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)  : Permanent Data Storage of a Computer

Keyboard and Mouse : Typing and Pointing Devices

CD/DVD Drive : Storage on the Disc

Monitor : Display Output

Tower Case / Casing : Computer Housing

Power Supply Unit (PSU) : Supply Power for the PC Components